Evaluating Serum Adiponectin Levels with Respect to the Results of Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Dysglycemic Pregnant Females
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59675/Keywords:
Adiponectin, Gestational diabetes, Impaired glucose tolerance, Glucose tolerance testAbstract
The hormone adiponectin has antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Gestational diabetes is hyperglycemia that develops in middle of pregnancy. The oral glucose tolerance test is used to screen for gestational diabetes. As a measure for insulin resistance, the (QUICKI-index), utilizes fasting insulin and fasting glucose levels to evaluate the sensitivity to insulin. Pregnancy is a state of insulin resistance and the role played by the adiponectin in the progression from euglycemia into prediabetes is a matter of conflict.
Aim: to evaluate adiponectin levels in pregnancy and to find out if it can be used as a marker for developing GDM.
Subjects and methods: a cross-sectional study involved 40 pregnants of 18–40 years of age at their second trimester and having BMI of 25-30 Kg/m2. After performing the OGTT, pregnants were divided into:
- Impaired glucose tolerance (IGTT) group: 23 pregnant with a mean age of 25.9 ± 6.1 years. B. Gestational diabetes (GDM) group: 13 pregnant with an age of 29.5 ± 3.9 years. The following parameters were measured: FBG, 2-hour RBG, fasting insulin, serum adiponectin, QUICKI-index.
Results: There was no significant statistical difference with respect to; age (p= .855), BMI (p= .071), and gestational age (p= .239). Serum adiponectin was significantly lower in the GDM group (p= .028). The FBG was significantly higher in the GDM group, (p<0.0001). Similarly, the 2-hour BG, (p<0.001). The fasting serum insulin was significantly higher in the GDM group, (p<0.0001). Pregnant with GDM had significantly lower QUICKI-index in comparison to those with IGTT (p<0.0001). Finally, the blood level of adiponectin showed positive correlation with QUICKI-index of insulin resistance, r (38) = ,499, p <0.0001.
Conclusions: serum adiponectin is reduced in pregnant with insulin resistance and might be an independent risk factor for developing diabetes. It might be of help in predicting the progression from euglycemic into overt diabetic states.
Abbreviations: OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test, FBG = fasting blood glucose, RBG = random blood glucose, GDM = gestational diabetes mellitus, IGT = impaired glucose tolerance, BMI = body mass index, T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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