The Relationship of Corneal White-to-White and Anterior Chamber Depth on Implantable Collamer Lens Vaulting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59675/M422Keywords:
white-to-white, anterior chamber depth, implantable collamer lens, vault.Abstract
This comparative prospective study examined the relationship between preoperative anterior segment biometry and central vault after implantation of the Implantable Collamer lens (ICL). Patients and methods: This study included 60 eyes of 30 patients treated with an ICL at a private practice. Baseline refractive error, white-to-white (WTW) corneal diameter, central corneal thickness and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured and compared with the lens size used and the central vault measured using anterior segment OCT following surgery. To determine statistically significant correlations, we used Pearson correlation. We also used ANOVA to compare eyes by ICL size and determine how vault correlated with size within each group. Results: Mean postoperative vault was 495.95µm±244.182µm (range 40–1070µm), and it was found to be significantly correlated with ACD and pachymetry. In group 2, vault correlated significantly with WTW (R=-0.461, p=.009), ACD (R=0.491, p=.005) and pachymetry (R=0.558, p=.001). In group 3, vault was significantly associated with preoperative SEQ (R=-0.428, p=0.026), pachymetry (R=0.504, p=0.007) and ICL SEQ (R=-0.472, p=.013). Conclusion: ACD and pachymetry were significantly correlated with ICL vault in the overall sample. WTW was not significantly correlated with ICL vault in the overall sample. These findings do not support identifying WTW as a significant correlate of vault in the overall sample.
References
1. Kamiya K, Shimizu K, Kawamorita T. Changes in vaulting and the effect on refraction after phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2009;35(9):1582–1586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2009.03.052
2. Kohnen T, Kook D, Morral M, Güell JL. Phakic intraocular lenses: part 2: results and complications. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010;36(12):2168–2194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2010.10.007
3. Sanders DR. Matched population comparison of the Visian implantable collamer lens and standard LASIK for myopia of −3.00 to −7.88 diopters. J Refract Surg. 2007;23(6):537–553. https://doi.org/10.3928/1081-597X-20070601-02
4. Alió JL, Tavolato M, De la Hoz F, et al. Near vision restoration with refractive lens exchange and pseudoaccommodating and multifocal refractive and diffractive intraocular lenses: comparative clinical study. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2004;30(12):2494–2503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2004.04.052
5. Packer M, Fine IH, Hoffman RS. Refractive lens exchange with the array multifocal intraocular lens. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2002;28(3):421–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-3350(01)01093-8
6. Arne JL, Lesueur LC. Phakic posterior chamber lenses for high myopia: functional and anatomical outcomes. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2000;26(3):369–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-3350(99)00417-4
7. Alfonso JF, Baamonde B, Fernández-Vega L, et al. Posterior chamber collagen copolymer phakic intraocular lenses to correct myopia: five-year follow-up. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2011;37(5):873–880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2010.11.040
8. Allan BD, Argeles-Sabate I, Mamalis N. Endophthalmitis rates after implantation of the intraocular Collamer lens: survey of users between 1998 and 2006. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2009;35(4):766–769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2008.12.027
9. Lackner B, Pieh S, Schmidinger G, et al. Long-term results of implantation of phakic posterior chamber intraocular lenses. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2004;30(11):2269–2276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2004.07.018
10. Pesando PM, Ghiringhello MP, Di Meglio G, Fanton G. Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (ICL) for hyperopia: ten-year follow-up. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2007;33(9):1579–1584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2007.05.030
11. Sanders DR. Actual and theoretical risks for visual loss following use of the implantable contact lens for moderate to high myopia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2003;29(7):1323–1332. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-3350(02)02040-0
12. Fernandes P, González-Méijome JM, Madrid-Costa D, et al. Implantable collamer posterior chamber intraocular lenses: a review of potential complications. J Refract Surg. 2011;27(10):765–776. https://doi.org/10.3928/1081597X-20110617-01
13. Shimizu K, Kamiya K, Igarashi A, Shiratani T. Early clinical outcomes of implantation of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens with a central hole (Hole ICL) for moderate to high myopia. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012;96(3):409–412. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2011-300148
14. Abela-Formanek C, Kruger AJ, Dejaco-Ruhswurm I, Pieh S, Skorpik C. Gonioscopic changes after implantation of a posterior chamber lens in phakic myopic eyes. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2001;27(12):1919–1925. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-3350(01)01229-9
15. Seo JH, Kim MK, Wee WR, Lee JH. Effects of white-to-white diameter and anterior chamber depth on implantable collamer lens vault and visual outcome. J Refract Surg. 2009;25(8):730–738. https://doi.org/10.3928/1081597X-20090707-08
16. Alfonso JF, Fernández-Vega L, Lisa C, et al. Central vault after phakic intraocular lens implantation: correlation with anterior chamber depth, white-to-white distance, spherical equivalent, and patient age. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2012;38(1):46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2011.07.035
17. Implantable Contact Lens in Treatment of Myopia (ITM) Study Group. US Food and Drug Administration clinical trial of the implantable contact lens for moderate to high myopia. Ophthalmology. 2003;110(2):255–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-6420(02)01771-2
18. Alfonso JF, Lisa C, Palacios A, Fernandes P, González-Méijome JM, Montés-Micó R. Objective vs subjective vault measurement after myopic implantable collamer lens implantation. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009;147(6):978–983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2009.01.006
19. Güell JL, Morral M, Kook D, Kohnen T. Phakic intraocular lenses: part 1: historical overview, current models, selection criteria, and surgical techniques. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010;36(11):1976–1993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2010.08.014
20. Sanders DR. Anterior subcapsular opacities and cataracts 5 years after surgery in the Visian implantable collamer lens FDA trial. J Refract Surg. 2008;24(6):566–570. https://doi.org/10.3928/1081597X-20080601-04
21. Menezo JL, Peris-Martínez C, Cisneros-Lanuza AL, Martínez-Costa R. Rate of cataract formation in 343 highly myopic eyes after implantation of three types of phakic intraocular lenses. J Refract Surg. 2004;20(4):317–324. https://doi.org/10.3928/1081-597X-20040701-03
22. Bleckmann H, Keuch RJ. Results of cataract extraction after implantable contact lens removal. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2005;31(12):2329–2333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2005.05.028
23. Smallman DS, Probst L, Rafuse PE. Pupillary block glaucoma secondary to posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation for high myopia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2004;30(4):905–907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2003.09.019
24. Chung TY, Park SC, Lee MO, Ahn K, Chung ES. Changes in iridocorneal angle structure and trabecular pigmentation with STAAR implantable collamer lens during 2 years. J Refract Surg. 2009;25(3):251–258. https://doi.org/10.3928/1081597X-20090301-03
25. Alfonso JF, Lisa C, Abdelhamid A, Fernandes P, Jorge J, Montés-Micó R. Three-year follow-up of subjective vault following myopic implantable collamer lens implantation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010;248(12):1827–1835. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-010-1322-0
26. Lege BA, Haigis W, Neuhann TF, Bauer MH. Age-related behaviour of posterior chamber lenses in myopic phakic eyes during accommodation measured by anterior segment partial coherence interferometry. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2006;32(6):999–1006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.02.018
27. Zeng QY, Xie XL, Chen Q. Prevention and management of collagen copolymer phakic intraocular lens exchange: causes and surgical techniques. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2015;41(3):576–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.06.036
28. Rayner SA, Bhikoo R, Grey T. Spherical implantable collamer lenses for myopia and hyperopia: 126 eyes with 1-year follow-up. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010;38(1):21–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9071.2010.02192.x
29. Bhikoo R, Rayner S, Grey T. Toric implantable collamer lens for patients with moderate to severe myopic astigmatism: 12-month follow-up. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010;38(5):467–474. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9071.2010.02273.x
30. Rüfer F, Schröder A, Erb C. White-to-white corneal diameter: normal values in healthy humans obtained with the Orbscan II topography system. Cornea. 2005;24(3):259–261. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ico.0000148312.01805.53
31. Lee DH, Choi SH, Chung ES, Chung TY. Correlation between preoperative biometry and posterior chamber phakic Visian implantable collamer lens vaulting. Ophthalmology. 2012;119(2):272–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.07.047
32. Reinstein DZ, Lovisolo CF, Archer TJ, Gobbe M. Comparison of postoperative vault height predictability using white-to-white or sulcus diameter-based sizing for the Visian implantable collamer lens. J Refract Surg. 2013;29(1):30–35. https://doi.org/10.3928/1081597X-20121210-02
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Academic International Journal of Medical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
