Synthesis and Characterisation of New Sulfonamide Derivatives and Their Antibacterial Activity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59675/M326Keywords:
Sulfonamides, anti-bacterial activity, synthesis, characterization, minimum inhibitory concentration.Abstract
Sulfonamides, a category of antimicrobial medications, are the subject of ongoing research due to new forms of bacterial resistance. The present study was scheduled to synthesise and identify new sulfonamide derivatives and to evaluate their antibacterial effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The sulfonyl chlorides were also combined with various amines and coupled under basic conditions to give the new sulfonamides with good to excellent yields (62-92%). The structural characterisation employed FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity of the synthesised compounds against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined using agar diffusion and broth microdilution. The results revealed that the existing products of the sulfonamide analogues possessed an enormous degree of broad-spectrum antibacterial action with MICs of 1.56 256 μg/mL. Several compounds were active, especially against Gram-negative pathogens, and some of the analogues were as active as ciprofloxacin. These findings suggest that the produced sulfonamides can serve as viable lead structures for the development of antibacterial drugs.
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